TECHNICAL MECHANICS
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UDC 629.4:62-788.2

Technical mechanics, 2020, 2, 66 - 79

MATHEMATICAL SIMULATION OF DYNAMIC LOADS ON A HEAD CAR WITH A PASSIVE SAFETY SYSTEM IN A COLLISION OF IDENTICAL MOTOR-CAR TRAINS

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15407/itm2020.02.066

Sobolevska M. B., Naumenko N. Yu., Horobets D. V.

Sobolevska M. B.
Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine

Naumenko N. Yu.
Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine

Horobets D. V.
Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine

      The topicality of this paper stems from the need to develop a modern home high-speed motor-car train with a passive safety system (PSS) in accordance with Ukrainian State Standard DSTU EN 15227 now in force in Ukraine, which regulates the passive safety of a passenger train in collisions with obstacles. A PPS includes energy-absorbing devices (EADs) designed for reducing the longitudinal forces in the intercar connections and the car accelerations in an emergency. The aim of the paper is a mathematical simulation of dynamic loads on the head car of a motor-car train with PSS elements in a collision of identical reference trains at a speed of 36 km/h according to Scenario 1 of DSTU EN 15227. The scientific novelty of the paper is a mathematical model and program modules developed for the study a front collision of reference motor-car trains considered as chains of solid bodies connected with one another via essentially nonlinear elements. The force characteristic of an intercar connection accounts for the operation of the absorbing apparatus of the coupling devices, the possibility of the draw-and-buffer gears shifting into the undercar space, EAD plastic deformation, and the possibility of plastic deformations in the car structures. The proposed mathematical model gives the mean values of the car accelerations and plastic deformations for comparison with the permissible values according to DSTU EN 15227. Dynamic loads on the cars of a PPS-equipped motor-car train in a collision of identical reference trains were analyzed. Different variants of use of the energy-absorbing devices developed at the Institute of Technical Mechanics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Space Agency of Ukraine were considered. The devices include lower-level ones to be mounted at the coupler level (EAD 1 of energy capacity 0.95 MJ, EAD 2 of energy capacity 0.25 MJ, and EAD 3 of energy capacity 0.3 MJ) and an upper-level one to be mounted in the front underwindow part of a head car (EAD UL of energy capacity 0.12 MJ). Dynamic loads on the cars of PSS-equipped trains in their front collision were studied. It was found that the proposed passive protection (the front parts of each of the 80 t head cars are equipped with two EAD and two EAD UL devices, their tail parts are equipped with two EAD 3 devices, and the 64 t intermediate cars are equipped with two EAD 3 devices at the front and at the rear) meets the DSTU EN 15227 requirements for Scenario 1. The proposed mathematical model and the results obtained may be used in designing head and intermediate cars for a home motor-car passenger train in accordance with the DSTU EN 15227 requirements
     

emergency collision, head car, passenger motor-car train, energy-absorbing devices, passive safety system

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